Endoscopic Mucosal Resection

If a small polyp-like nodule is seen in the esophagus, an endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) can be done to try to remove it. The nodule is first injected with a solution that will decrease bleeding after the nodule is removed. This solution also forms a blister under the nodule to allow the doctor to remove it without damaging the rest of the esophagus.

The EMR is done using a small cap that has a small wire loop which fits on the end of the endoscope. The nodule is suctioned into the cap and the wire loop is closed while cautery is applied. This is done so that the tissue can be examined under a microscope to determine if all of the cancer (or dysplasia) has been removed. If the cancer is not completely removed, additional patient visits may be needed to completely remove the cancer. When the cancer is completely removed, additional treatment can be done such as photodynamic therapy.